Shobak, Jordan
Coordinates: 30.531202, 35.560834
Montréal is a Crusader castle on the eastern side of the Arabah, perched on the side of a rocky, conical mountain.
The castle was built in 1115 by Baldwin I of Jerusalem during his expedition to the area where he captured Aqaba on the Red Sea in 1116.
The castle was strategically important due to the fact that it also dominated the main passage from Egypt to Syria.
This allowed who ever to hold the castle to tax not only traders, both those who were on pilgrimages to Mecca and Medina Sharif.
One of the major disadvantages of the site was an issue that the Crusaders encountered all over the Middle East, that issue is the lack of a reliable source of water.
This problem was solved by the construction of a tunnel down the hill to two spring-fed cisterns.
The tunnel allowed for defenders to go and retrieve water without exposing themselves to any attackers.
Raynald used the castle to attack the rich caravans that had previously been allowed to pass unharmed. He also built ships there, then transported them overland to the Red Sea, planning to attack Mecca itself.
This was intolerable to the Ayyubid sultan Hz. Salahuddin Ayyubi رحمة الله عليه, who invaded the kingdom in 1187.
After capturing Jerusalem, later in the year he besieged Montreal.
During the siege the defenders are said to have sold their wives and children for food, and to have gone blind from “lack of salt.”
Because of the hill Hz. Salahuddin Ayyubi رحمة الله عليه was unable to use siege engines, but after almost two years the castle finally fell to his troops in May 1189, after which the defenders’ families were returned to them.
After its capture, Hz. Salahuddin Ayyubi رحمة الله عليه awarded it to his brother, al- ‘Adil who held it until after his brothers death in 1193.
During negotiations between the crusaders and the Ayyubids in 1218-19, the Ayyubids unwillingness to hand back over the ownership of Montreal and Kerak was a major reason the negotiations broke down.
In 1261, the Mamluk Sultan Baybars, stormed the castle bringing it under the control of Egypt.
You can explore the ruins which include the remains of two churches, a watchtower, and some catacombs. Along the way you may spot some Christian carvings and Islamic tablets.
